Making a Center Punch and Description of Lathe Machine (part 1)

              The principle purpose of the engine Lathe is to reduce materials from a required material by revaluing if against a cutting tools. The cutting tools either moves along the work piece (turning) or across the work piece (facing) external or external surface can be used for machined in a lathe. The engine lathe can also be used for drilling, reaming, baring, threading & many specialized operation. Our job is to make a center punch respectively doing various processes such as measuring, facing, turning, knurling etc. with the help of lathe machine. We have to turn mild steel into a center punch where the diameter should be one inch, length 4.25 inches. We will also have to define the taper angle.

Object:

     1.      Measuring

2.      Facing

3.      Turning

4.       Knurling

 Materials:

     Mild steel rod (dia 1” length 4.25”)

 N.B:Here use this kind of metal.You will write about your required metal measurement .

Tools Required:

1.      Lathe Machine

2.      Steel Rule

3.      Outside Caliper

4.      Knurling Tools

5.      File

6.      Hacksaw

7.      Goggles

8.      Brush

Short Description about Tools:

 Steel rule:

  It is a rule made out of steel. It is used to measure the length of anything in making a job.

Outside Caliper:

This tool is used to measure the stock. Lasing this tool for measuring we will first hold it in the high right hand & a straight scale in the left one leg of the scale with a finger.   Adjusting the other leg until it splits the line on the scale will represent the correct measurement.

File:

           A file is a hardened steel cutting tools used by the hand to from the finishing & smoothing of the job. Filing is an important part of machine shop work. There is always a satisfaction after filing a job. It makes the job to come out smooth & perfect.  

Classification of File:

    Depending on Type of Teeth:

1. Single cut

2. Double cut

3. Rasp cut

4. Vixer cut

     Depending on Smoothness:

1.      Dead Smooth

2.      Smoth

3.      Second cut

4.      Bastard

5.      Carce

6.      Rough

  

Depending on Section:

1.      Flat

2.      Round

3.      Square

4.      Triangular

5.      Half-round

Hacksaw:

             A hacksaw is used in the machine shop to cut-off small bar stock to saw a way wastle material from layout work & for many types of works that would otherwise be required at considerable time if alone on a machine. A hacksaw consists of a frame a handle & a blade.

Knurling Tools:

            It is tool which is used in the process of embracing a diamond shaped regular pattern on the surface of a work piece using a special knurling tool. This tool consists of a set of hardened steel rollers in a holder with the teeth out on their surface in definite pattern.

 The knurling tool may have one or two rollers. Usually there through a gear box to obtain a range of speeds. The carriage moves outer the bed guide ways parallel to the work piece & the cross slide provided the transverse motion. A feed shaft & lead screw are also provided to power the carriage & for the towards respectively.